四、语法详解
情态动词
情态动词是动词的一种,表示说话人的情感或态度。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。情态动词不能单独作谓语,必须和动词原形连用,共同构成谓语动词,有些情态动词有过去式,有些则没有。如:can-could,may-might,shall-should,will-would,have to-had to,dare-dared,但must,need,ought to,had better则只有一种形式。
1.can和could
(1)表示"现在的能力"用can,"过去的能力"用could。如:
We can use the computer now,but we couldn't 10 years ago.
(2)表示许可或征询对方的许可,可用can或could(语气委婉,不表示过去),用may较正式,注意回答时不用could。如:
-Can/Could/May I come in?
-Yes,you can/may.
(3)表示"可能性"时can多用于否定句和疑问句,表示"不可能""可能吗?",肯定句多用could,may,might。如:
The story could/may/might be true.
It can't be true.
(4)can和be able to都可表示能力,但be able to强调经过努力,克服困难,从而能够。如:
The maths problem was very difficult,but he was able to work it out.
活学巧用
1.单项填空
(1)(2005浙江高考,9)The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it _________ be very slow.
A.should B.must C.can D.need
提示:can作为情态动词可以表示一时的情况,意为"有时候会"。
答案:C
(2)-Mum,I've been studying English since 8 0'clock._________I go out and play with Tom for a while?
-No,I'm afraid not.Besides,it's raining out-side now.
A.Can't B.Wouldn't C.May not D.Won't
提示:表示征询别人的意见。句意为:"我能不能出去和汤姆玩一会儿?"
答案:A
(3)-_________it be Li Ping who broke the glass?
-No.It _________ be Wu Dong who did it.
A.Can;must B.Must;need C.May;must D.Need;can
提示:can用于表示对疑问的推测,用must表示肯定的推测。句意:"可能是李平打破了杯子吗?不,一定是吴东打破的。"
答案:A
2.may和might
(1)表示"许可"或征询对方许可,否定回答时,据语气强弱为:may not,had better not,mustn't。
如: