2019-2020学年度人教版必修五Unit 3 Period Two Learning about Language学案

　　Grammar：The Past Participle (3) as the Adverbial and Attribute

　　过去分词作状语和定语

　　1．过去分词作定语

　　单个过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰的名词之前；过去分词短语修饰名词，一般都放在所修饰的名词之后，在意义上相当于一个定语从句。

　　I have his written promise.我有他的书面承诺。

　　Those are finished products.那些是成品。

　　He is a man loved by all.他是个深受群众爱戴的人。

　　2．过去分词作状语

　　过去分词作状语，相当于一个状语从句，表明原因、时间、条件等。

　　(1)作原因状语

　　Tired by the trip，he soon fell asleep.

　　＝Because he was tired by the trip，he soon fell asleep.

　　Lost in thought，he almost ran into a car.

　　＝As he was lost in thought，he almost ran into a car.

　　(2)作时间状语

　　Seen from the hill，the city looks like a garden.

　　＝When the city is seen from the hill，it looks like a garden.

　　(3)作条件状语

　　Given more time，I would have worked out the problem.

　　＝If I have been given more time，I would have worked out the problem.

　　(4)作伴随状语

　　The teacher came in，followed by some students.

　　＝The teacher came in and was followed by some students.

　　注意：分词短语作状语时，通常与主句中的主语在逻辑上一致，但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑上的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。

Her grandfather being ill，she had to stay at home looking after him.