他在比赛中失败了,受到了同伴的责备。
They went out in such bad weather, caught in a heavy rain halfway.
他们在这么恶劣的天气里出门,结果在半路上遇到了大雨。
二、过去分词(短语)作状语应注意的几个问题:
1.过去分词、现在分词和不定式作状语的区别:一般说来,过去分词作状语,和句子主语是被动关系;现在分词作状语,和句子主语是主动关系;不定式作状语,一般表示目的、原因、结果等。
To get a wonderful view of our city, we climbed to the top of the tower.
为了饱览城市的美景,我们爬上了山顶。
Seen from the top of the tower, our city looks more beautiful.
从塔顶上看,这座城市更漂亮。
Seeing from the top of the tower, we can get a wonderful view of our city.
从塔顶我们可以饱览我们城市的美景。
2.过去分词(短语)作状语时,也可在前面加上when, if, while, though, even if等连词(词组),以便明确是作何种状语。
When asked, she didn't answer.
别人问她的时候,她没有回答。
Though told many times, he still couldn't understand.
虽然跟他说过很多次,但他还是不懂。
3.过去分词作状语时,其否定形式是在过去分词前加not。
Not encouraged by his parents, Jim felt a little sad.
因为没有受到父母的鼓励,吉姆感到有点伤心。
4.有些分词已成为固定结构,使用时不必考虑它们与主语的关系。常见的有以下几种:
judging by/from 根据......判断
provided/providing that ... 假如......;在......条件下
given ... 倘若......;假定......
considering (that) ... 考虑到
supposing (that) ... 如果......