There happened to be a man walking by. 恰好有一个人从旁经过。
三、there be结构的非谓语形式
1. 基本结构
there be结构的非谓语形式有两种基本结构,即there being和there to be。
2. there being结构
该结构的主要用法有:
(1) 用作状语:
There being nothing else to do, we went home. 由于没什么其他的事要干,所以我们就回家了。
There having been no rain, the ground was dry. 由于没有下雨,所以地面很干。
【注】有时可与状语从句转换:
There being no further business (=As there was no further business), I declared the meeting closed. 由于没有别的事了,我宣布闭会。
(2) 用作介词宾语:
There is now some hope of there being a settlement of the dispute. 现在有点希望可以解决这次争端。
2. There to be 结构
该结构的主要用法有:
(1) 用作动词宾语:该结构可用作某些动词(如like, prefer, hate, want, mean, intend, expect, consider 等)的宾语:
Students hate there to be too much homework. 学生讨厌做太多的家庭作业。
We expect there to be more discussion about this. 我们期望能对此展开更多的讨论。
【注】在let there be结构中,动词be不带to:
Don't let there be any noise. 不允许有任何吵闹。
Let there be no mistake about it. 这事不要出错。
They asked for there to be another meeting. 他们要求再开一次会议。
【注】用作介词宾语一般用there being,但用作介词for的宾语时,只能用there to be。比较:
They planned on there being another meeting. 他们打算再开一次会议。
They planned for there to be another meeting. 他们打算再开一次会议。
四、there be结构的否定式和疑问式
1. 否定式
there be结构的否定式通常应将否定词置于动词be之后:
There is not any bread left. 没有一点面包了。
There isn't anything I can do for you. 我帮不了你什么忙。
若谓语中包括有助动词或情态动词,通常将否定词置于助动词与情态动词之后:
There can't be so many mistakes. 不可能有那么多错误。
There shouldn't be any doubt about it. 对此不应有什么怀疑。
There haven't been any parties in weeks. 好几个礼拜没开过晚会了。
另外注意以下类型的否定式: