The research，believed to be the first of its kind，found that children who were not facing the person pushing them were less likely to talk，laugh and interact with their parents.

　　The findings were based on a study of 2722 parents and babies and an experiment where 20 babies were wheeled in buggies for a mile，facing their parents for half the journey and facing away for the other half. Parents using face­to­face buggies were twice as likely to talk to their children while the babies' heart rates fell and they were twice as likely to fall asleep，an indication that they were feeling relaxed and safe.

　　In addition，only one baby out of the 20 studied laughed while sitting in an away­facing buggy.

　　"Our data suggests that for many babies today，life in a buggy is emotionally impoverished and possibly stressful. Stressed babies grow into anxious adults，" said Dr Suzanne Zeedyk，Developmental Psychologist at Scotland's Dundee University who carried out the research.The study，which was published by National Literacy Trust as part of its "Talk To Your Baby" campaign，found that 62 percent of all children observed travelled in away­facing buggies. Zeedyk said it would impact negatively on babies' development if they spent a long time in away­facing buggies，which would undermine their ability to communicate with their parent at a time when their brain was developing rapidly.

　　Laura Barbour of the Sutton Trust，a social mobility charity which funded the research，said buggy manufacturers should look closely at the findings.

　　21．Using away­facing buggies may ________.

　　A．benefit both the babies and their parents

　　B．affect babies' language ability permanently

　　C．help babies communicate with their parents

　　D．have positive effect on babies' development

　　解析：细节理解题。由文章的第一句话可以看出：使用away­facing buggies影响宝宝的长期的语言能力，即原文所说的"long­term emotional and language problems"。

　　答案：B

　　22．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

　　A．Parents may talk twice with the babies in away­facing buggies.

　　B．The study suggests children feel relaxed and safe in buggies.

　　C．The samples of the study were 20 babies wheeled in buggies.

　　D．One of the 20 babies was twice as likely to fall asleep in buggies.

　　解析：细节判断题。由第二段的第一句话可知答案。解决此题的关键是准确理解选项中的sample。

　　答案：C

　　23．The underlined word "impoverished" in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to "________"．

　　A．poor　　　　　　　B．nervous

C．rich D．energetic