类 别 区 别 例 句 定语从句
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并列句 定语从句与并列句的主要区别在于:并列句有像and,but,so等并列连词或两个句子用分号连接,这时就不能再用引导定语从句的关系词了。 ①Mr Li has three daughters,none of _____ is an engineer.
②Mr Li has three daughters,but none of _____ is a dancer.
从结构上看,①小题是定语从句,故填whom;
②小题有并列连词but,是并列句,故填代词 them。 定语从句
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状语从句 定语从句的前面有名词作先行词,而状语从句没有先行词。 This is the place where we used to live a few years ago.
这是几年前我们居住的地方。(定语从句,先行词为the place)
Let's go where we can find a better job.
我们到能找到更好的工作的地方去吧。(地点状语从句) 定语从句修饰、限制、说明名词,只能放在先行词的后面,而状语从句说明动作发生的情况,并且可以放在主句的前面。 Do you know the time when the class is over? 你知道下课的时间吗?(定语从句)
It was already five o'clock when the class was over.
=When the class was over, it was already five o'clock.
当下课时己经是5点了。(时间状语从句) When, where和why在引导定语从句时可以用"介词+which"的结构来替换,在引导状语从句时却不行。 This is the factory in which (where) his father once worked.
这就是他的父亲曾经工作过的那个工厂。(定语从句)
Put back the book where it was. 把书放回原处。(状语从句) 定语从句中的关系词在从句中充当某种句子成分,因此去掉它则从句成分不完整;而结果状语从句中的连接词在从句中不作任何成分,去掉后从句的成分仍然完整。 It is such an interesting book as we all like. 它是我们大家都喜欢的如此有趣的书。
(as用作动词like的宾语,它引导的是定语从句)
It is such an interesting book that we all like it.
它是一本如此有趣的书,我们大家都喜欢它。
(that不充当句子成分,故它引导的是结果状语从句) 定语从句
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同位语从句 定语从句在复合句中相当于形容词,对先行词起修饰、描述或限制的作用,与先行词之间有从属关系。同位语的作用相当于名词,对前面的名词给予补充说明或进一步解释,是前面名词的具体内容,与先行词之间是同位关系。 The news that she had passed the exam made her parents very happy.
她考试及格的消息使她父母亲很高兴。(同位语从句)
此句中的同位语从句 The news that she had passed the exam
可以改写成表语从句:The news is that he passed the exam.
The news that he told us interested all of us.
他告诉我们的消息使大家都感兴趣。(定语从句)
The news that he told us 是定语从句,此句不能改写为:The news is that he told us.