Ahead sat an old woman.

　注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。

　 Here he comes.　

Away they went.

3. Then she leapt backwards, back arched and fur on end, tail held out stiffly.

本句为简单句句中back arched and fur on end, tail held out stiffly为独立主格结构，做伴随状语

　独立主格结构的特点：

（1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在

（2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词短语等是主谓关系

（3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句隔开

（4）独立主格结构可以改为状语从句，并列句或分词短语结构

　独立主格结构构成：

　名词\主格代词+现在分词Time permitting, we can finish the work.

　名词\主格代词+过去分词All things considered, her suggestion is of greater value than yours.

　名词\主格代词+不定式The teacher to help us, we will succeed.

　名词\主格代词+形容词\副词Everything (being) ready, they started out./ The meeting over, they left.

　名词\主格代词+介词短语 He came in, a book in his hand.

　with 的复合结构----小练：

　1). _____no rain, we all went out for a walk after supper.

　　A. There was B. There being C. There to be D. It being

　2). Night ______, we hurried home.

A. fell B. falling C. fallen D. fall

4. It looks as if someone had cut a patch out of thee air, about two meters from the edge of the road, a patch roughly square in shape and less than a meter across.

　as if 的用法：as if 引导表语从句和方式状语从句

　as if 从句用陈述语气的情况。 当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。

　It sounds as if it is raining．

　He talks as if he is drunk．

as if 从句用虚拟语气的情况。 当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时。从句虚拟语气动词时态的形式如下：

　1). 如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。

You look as if you didn' t care． He talks as if he knew where she was

　2）从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用"had＋过去分词"。

He talks about Rome as if he had been there before．

The girl listened as if she had been turned to stone．

要点词汇

1. series n 系列，丛书a series of car accidents watch the television series

　a series of作主语时，谓语用单数 two/three series of作主语时，谓语用复数

　小结：

　单复同形的单词：means（方式），crossroads（十字路口），species（种类），works（工厂），

　　　　　　　　　aircraft（飞机），cattle（牲畜）sheep，deer等。

2. play a part (role) in 在...中起作用

E-mail, as well as telephone, is playing an important part in daily communication.