专题八定语从句

关系代词 　　

关系代词 先行词 句法功能 who 人 主语、宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)、表语 whom 人 宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略) whose (＝of whom/of which) 人或物 定语 that 人或物 主语、宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略) which 物 主语、宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略) as 人或物 主语、宾语 　　

　　Each graduate standing on the playground, who was accompanied by a parent, would be awarded a diploma by the headmaster.

　　每个毕业生都由父亲或母亲陪伴着站在操场上，等待校长给他们颁发毕业文凭。

　　My daughter, whose job requires her to do a lot of travelling, is always away from home.

　　我的女儿总不在家，她的工作需要经常出差。

　　1．关系代词that与which的用法

　　(1)限制性定语从句中只用that不用which的情况：

　　①先行词是不定代词或者先行词被不定代词所修饰时，关系代词通常只用that。

　　Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself?

　　你有什么要为自己说的吗？

　　②先行词被序数词，形容词最高级，the only, the very, the last等修饰时，关系代词通常只用that，不用which。

　　This is one of the most exciting football games that I have ever seen.这是我见过的最激动人心的足球比赛之一。

　　This is the only thing that we can do now.

　　这是我们现在唯一能做的事情。

　　③先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词只用that，不用which。

　　The scientist and his achievements that you told me about are admired by us all.

我们所有人都钦佩你告诉我的那位科学家和他所取得的成就。