Our English teacher encouraged Mary.

　　我们英语老师鼓励了玛丽。

　　Mary was encouraged by our English teacher.

　　玛丽受到了我们英语老师的鼓励。

　　上面第一句中的动词 encouraged 是主动语态；第二句中的动词 was encouraged 是被动语态。

　　二、被动语态的基本构成形式

　　　被动语态的基本结构是："助动词 be/get＋及物动词的过去分词"。

　　被动语态的谓语动词有各种时态变化，以动词 take 为例，其常见时态的被动形式如下表：

一般现在时 am/is/are taken 一般过去时 was/were taken 现在进行时 am/is/are being taken 过去进行时 was/were

being taken 现在完成时 have/has been taken taken 过去完成时 had been 一般将来时 will/shall be taken 过去将来时 would/should be taken 　　

　　The disabled are respected in our country.

　　残疾人在我们国家受到尊敬。

　　Tom's legs were badly injured in an accident last year.

　　在去年的一次事故中，汤姆的双腿严重受伤。

　　A presentation will be given on the new products.

　　将会有一场关于新产品的介绍会。

　　Besides, many sea creatures are being wiped out by fishing boats.

　　此外，大量的海洋生物正被捕捞船赶尽杀绝。

　　The advantages and disadvantages of this machine were being discussed when I went into the meeting room.

　　当我走进会议室的时候，这台机器的优缺点正在被讨论。

　　The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.

　　那个消息一到就会被传达给那个士兵的妈妈。

　　Over the years several similar theories have been put forward.

　　几年来已经有好几个类似理论相继被提出。

　　But to our surprise, the next morning, we were told that the money had been stolen.

但令我们吃惊的是，第二天早上，我们被告知那些钱被偷了。