E.g. Getting the chance to study abroad, he will try his best to improve himself.

　如果得到到国外学习的机会，他将尽力提升自己。

　(4)作结果状语。

E.g. He failed to work out the last question in the math paper, making him lose the chance to enter his ideal university.

　他没有能够做出数学试卷上的最后一道题，致使他失去了上理想大学的机会。

　(5)作让步状语。

　E.g. Working hard all the day, he still felt energetic.尽管努力工作了一整天，他仍然感到精力充沛。

　(6)作伴随状语。

　E.g. The girls sat together in front of the house, talking and laughing.女孩们一起坐在屋前，又说又笑。

　(7)作方式状语。

　E.g. They greeted each other bowing to each other.他们鞠躬彼此打招呼。

　名师点拨

　(1)动词－ing形式作状语时相当于与之对应的状语从句，并且可互相转换。

　(2)动词－ing形式作伴随状语时，则可转化成并列谓语。

　E.g. Knowing what to do next, he set out to do it at once.

　=When he knew what to do next, he set out to do it at once.

　当明白下一步要做什么时，他立刻开始着手做起来。

　E.g. The guide showed the visitors around the pictures explaining the background of each picture.

　=The guide showed the visitors around the pictures and explained the background of each picture.

　导游领着游客参观这些图画，并解说每一幅画的背景。

三、难点突破

　1．单个的动词-ing形式作定语置于被修饰词的前面时，注意下面的两种情况对比。

　　E.g. The old man needs a walking stick. =The old man needs a stick used for walking.

　　(表示用途)老人需要一把用于行走的手杖。

E.g. There are many people on the top of the mountain now who are enjoying the rising sun. =There are many people on the top of the mountain now who are enjoying the sun which is rising.

(强调动作)现在山顶上有很多人在欣赏正在升起的太阳。

　2．独立主格。

现在分词作状语，有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构，通常用来表示伴随的动作或情况，也可以表示时间、原因或条件等。

　　E.g. Weather permitting, we will go out for an outing.如果天气允许，我们会出去远足。

　　E.g. The paper having been finished, the student handed it in.做完试卷之后，这位学生把它交了上去。

　3．评论性状语。

有些动词-ing形式作状语，在句中没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在，用来修饰主句，表明说话者的态度、观点等，被称为评论性状语或悬垂分词。常见的有generally/strictly/frankly speaking，judging from