②在非限制性定语从句中。
Have you ever read the book,which was written by a young girl?
你读过这本由一个年轻女孩写的书吗?
(3)宜用who不宜用that的情况
①当先行词是指人的不定代词时,如:one,ones,anyone。
Anyone who does that must be mad.
谁那样做都一定是疯了。
②当先行词是I,you,he,they等人称代词时(常用于谚语中)。
He who doesn't reach the Great Wall is not a true man.不到长城非好汉。
③当先行词为指人的those时。
Those who have good manners will be highly respected.
那些有礼貌的人会受到人们的高度尊重。
④在there be结构中,先行词指人时。
There is a young man who wants to see you.
有一个年轻人想见你。
5.whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中作定语。
This is the person whose story surprised everybody.
就是这个人的故事让所有人吃了一惊。
注意:whose指物时,常用下列结构来代替:
The classroom whose door is broken can hold 40 students.
=The classroom the door of which is broken can hold 40 students.
=The classroom of which the door is broken can hold 40 students.
那间被弄坏了门的教室能容纳40个学生。
二、使用定语从句的注意事项
1.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词要和先行词的数保持一致。"one of+复数名词"作先行词,谓语动词用复数形式;"the only one of+复数名词"作先行词,谓语动词用单数形式。
This is one of the books which were written by Charles Dickens.
这是查尔斯·狄更斯所写的书中的其中一本。
He is the only one of the boys in our class who has learned French.
他是我们班男生中唯一一个学过法语的。
注意:which引导非限制性定语从句时,如果代表前面所说的整个情况,which被看作单数,其后的谓语动词应用单数形式。
He said he was a Frenchman,which was not true.
他说他是一个法国人,这不是真的。