The books can be obtained from the library. 这些书可以在图书馆里取得。

His achievement obtained him great fame. 他的成就使得他获得很大的名声。

辨析：obtain, get, gain

obtain指通过努力从特定的地方获得非常想要的东西。

get指得到, 所取得的东西不一定跟努力、意志有关。

gain指通过努力取得对自己有益或有价值的东西。

将下列句子译成汉语。

1) She has obtained a driving licence. _________________________

2) He obtained entrance to Beijing University. ___________________________

5. Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning, ...

forbid vt.

[词义] vt. (to command someone not to do something) 禁止, 不准

[反义词] allow 允许, 准许

[常用搭配]

forbid sth./doing sth. 禁止(做)某事

forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事

forbid that ... 禁止......

allow sth./doing sth. 允许(做)某事

allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事

[词语辩析] forbid, ban, prohibit

都含"禁止"的意思, 具体区别如下:

1) forbid是常用词, 指"命令某人不做某事", 禁止, 不准, 不许。如：

The doctor forbids him to smoke. 医生禁止他吸烟。

Smoking is forbidden in the concert hall. 演奏厅内不准吸烟。

2) ban语气较重，指权威机机关"正式禁止", (法律上)禁止, 含"严厉谴责"之意,只能用事物作其宾语, 如:

Ban atomic and nuclear weapons! 禁止原子武器和核武器!

3) prohibit指"通过法律或政府法令", 如:

The soldiers were prohibited from leaving camp after dark.

天黑后士兵不准离开营房。

[注意事项]

1) forbid后不能直接跟动词不定式作宾语, 而是跟动名词作宾语, 但是可以跟不定式作宾语补足语(forbid sb. to do sth.), 类似的动词还有: allow, permit, advise等。

2) forbid后接that引导的从句时, 从句的谓语动词应该用虚拟语气, 即should +动词原形, should可以省略。

[原文再现]

Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning.

根据汉语提示完成句子。

1) He ___________________ (禁止员工吸烟) during office hours.

2) Many parents ___________________ _____________ (禁止他们的孩子独自外出) at night.

3) Marriage _____________ (被禁止) during college time in the past.