D．There's no point for ordinary people knowing how to investigate.

　　解析：选B　细节理解题。从第二段第五句"If the conditions are different, any changes the scientist observes in a demonstration must be explained by the changes in the conditions."可知答案为B项。

　　3．A reasonable scientific theory should be one that .

　　A．not only works under one set of conditions at one time, but also works under the same conditions at other times

　　B．leaves no room for improvement

　　C．does not allow any change even under different conditions

　　D．can be used for many purposes

　　解析：选A　细节理解题。从第二段第四句"What works under one set of conditions at one time must work under the same conditions at other times."可知答案为A项。

　　4．What is the main idea of the passage?

　　A．Scientists are different from ordinary people.

　　B．The theory of relativity.

　　C．Exactness is the core(核心) of science.

　　D．Exactness and ways of using tools are the keys to the making of a scientist.

　　解析：选D　主旨大意题。通读全文可知D项最全面最能概括文章大意。

　　Ⅱ.任务型阅读

　　As Nicole and Mike Zupan get closer to retirement, they worry about more than just covering their own living expenses for the next several decades.

　　1． He is autistic (患自闭症的) and may never be able to live on his own. Their idea of retirement is to live a quiet life close to their son. 2. They want to create a special needs trust to help pay for treatment and other expenses he might face as an adult.

　　"Because of our son's needs, I guess I never really considered true retirement for us，" she says.

　　3． She is to attend college in a few years.

　　The Zupans' ideal plan is for Mike, 60, to retire first, in five to seven years, and for Nicole, 52, to continue working for several years beyond that before she joins him in retirement.

　　But before they can get there, they want to pay off the D|S18,000 in credit card debt, partly because their son's treatment is not covered by insurance. They have about D|S230,000 left on the mortgage (按揭) for their home in Fairfax County, Va., which they assess will take about 12 years to pay off. 4.

　　Matters are complicated by the fact that Nicole, who worked as a preschool teacher, is now unemployed while she recovers from foot operation. 5. Mike's D|S120,000 income, which he earns as a government clerk, is enough to cover their basic living expenses. But Nicole wants to get back to work so the family could afford more treatment for Josef and pay down their debt faster. They also would be able to save more for their long­term goals, including retirement, their daughter's college tuition and their son's future living expenses.

　　A．Besides they have a D|S14,000 loan they used on home improvements.

　　B．It's unlikely that Josef will go to college.

　　C．They're also trying to save for their 14­year­old daughter, Elshaday.

　　D．They want to set aside enough money for their 15­year­old son, Josef.

　　E．It could be a few weeks before she can return to the workforce.

　　F．Can their retirement savings cover them?

　　G．He may need to move into a group home when he gets older.

　　1．解析：选D　第二段是在讲夫妇俩有一个自闭症儿子，他们想给儿子留一点钱，并担心他长大后的治疗和一些需求。可知1,2题分别选择D，G。

　　2．解析：选G　见上题解析

3．解析：选C　讲完儿子就谈到他们女儿以后的生活费用，几年之后将要读大学，故选C。