同时,要将疑问句语序变为陈述句语序,如②句。
(3)若直接引语为特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,需用原来的疑问词来引导宾语从句;同时,要将疑问句语序变为陈述句语序,如③句。
(4)若直接引语为祈使句,变为间接引语时,需改用"动词+宾语+不定式"结构,其中的动词通常是表示"命令、建议、请求"的动词,如④句。
(5)直接引语变间接引语时,指示代词和动词要做相应变化,如⑤句。
(6)直接引语变间接引语时,地点状语和时间状语要做相应变化,如⑥句。
一、基本概念
引述或转述别人的话称为"引语"。直接引用别人的原话,两边用引号标出,叫作直接引语。用自己的语言转述别人的话,不需要引号的叫作间接引语。
直接引语变为间接引语时,需在时态形式、人称代词、指示代词、限定词、时间状语、地点状语以及语序等方面做相应的变化。
"I like singing," she said.(直接引语)
→She said she liked singing.(间接引语)
她说她喜欢唱歌。
"Don't touch anything," he said.(直接引语)
→He told us not to touch anything.(间接引语)
他告诉我们不要碰任何东西。
二、直接引语变为间接引语时各种句式的转换
1.引述陈述句时,用连词that引导(that在口语中常被省略。),主句动词主要用say, tell, repeat, answer, reply, explain, announce, declare, think等。
He said, "I like it very much."
→He said that he liked it very much.
他说他非常喜欢它。
He said, "I've left my book in your room."
→He told me that he had left his book in my room.
他告诉我他把书忘在我房间里了。
[即时演练1] 改写句子
The doctor said,"You should eat more vegetables."(改为间接引语)
→The_doctor_told_me_that_I_should_eat_more_vegetables.
2.引述一般疑问句或附加疑问句时,通常用whether或if引导,而引述选择疑问句时,一般只能用whether 引导。原句中的谓语动词said要改为asked,语序用陈述句语序。
He asked, "Are you sure your mother will come?"