who,whom,that
这些词代替指人,"whom"作宾语指人,"who"和"that"既可作主语又可作宾语(作宾语可以省略),可以指人也可以指物。在从句中所起作用如下:
(1)Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他是那个想见你的男人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)
(2)He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)
(3)The man whom you spoke to just now is our English teacher. 你刚刚说话的那个男人是我们的英语老师。
which、that用来指物
(用作主语、宾语,作宾语时可以省略),例如:
(1)The prosperity which/that had never appeared before took on in the countryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which / that在从句中作主语)
(2)The package (which / that) you are carryingis about to come unwrapped.你拿那个包裹快要散开了。(which / that在从句中作宾语)
whose
(只用作定语)
"whose"表示谁(可以为人也可以为物)的(东西)
例:A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan.双亲都死了的孩子叫做孤儿。("whose"表示那个孩子的双亲)
He lives in a room whose window faces south.他住的那个房子的窗户是朝南的。("whose"表示那个房子的窗户)