被修饰词的后面。

　(2)现在分词的完成时的主动及被动形式均不作后置定语。

2．动词-ing形式作状语。

　(1)作时间状语。

　E.g. Working in the office, the clerk heard an explosion from the street.

　在办公室工作时，这位职员听到街上发出了爆炸声。

　E.g. Having finished her homework, the girl was busy with the thing she likes.

　完成了家庭作业，女孩就忙于做她喜欢做的事情。

　名师点拨

动词-ing形式一般式常表示该动作与句子谓语动作同时发生，而动词－ing形式的完成式则表示该动作发生在谓语动作之前。

　(2)作原因状语。

　E.g. Lacking enough money, they had to give up the plan.

　由于缺乏足够的资金，他们只好放弃了这项计划。

　(3)作条件状语。

　E.g. Getting the chance to study abroad, he will try his best to improve himself.

　如果得到到国外学习的机会，他将尽力提升自己。

　(4)作结果状语。

E.g. He failed to work out the last question in the math paper, making him lose the chance to enter his ideal university.

　他没有能够做出数学试卷上的最后一道题，致使他失去了上理想大学的机会。

　(5)作让步状语。

　E.g. Working hard all the day, he still felt energetic.尽管努力工作了一整天，他仍然感到精力充沛。

　(6)作伴随状语。

　E.g. The girls sat together in front of the house, talking and laughing.女孩们一起坐在屋前，又说又笑。

　(7)作方式状语。

　E.g. They greeted each other bowing to each other.他们鞠躬彼此打招呼。

　名师点拨

　(1)动词－ing形式作状语时相当于与之对应的状语从句，并且可互相转换。

　(2)动词－ing形式作伴随状语时，则可转化成并列谓语。

　E.g. Knowing what to do next, he set out to do it at once.

　=When he knew what to do next, he set out to do it at once.

　当明白下一步要做什么时，他立刻开始着手做起来。

　E.g. The guide showed the visitors around the pictures explaining the background of each picture.

　=The guide showed the visitors around the pictures and explained the background of each picture.

　导游领着游客参观这些图画，并解说每一幅画的背景。

三、难点突破