两者都可以 意义基本相同 begin, start, like, love, hate, prefer, continue(接不定式多指具体的动作,接动名词多指一般或习惯行为) need, want, require(主语与动名词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系,接动名词主动形式表示被动意义,若接不定式则应用被动形式) 意义相反 stop to do 停止手中所做的事,去做另一件事 stop doing 停止正在做的事 意义不同 remember/forget/regret to do(指动作尚未发生)
remember/forget/regret doing(指动作已经发生) go on to do(接着做另外一件事)
go on doing(接着做同一件事) try to do(设法,努力去做,尽力)
try doing(试试去做,看有何结果) mean to do(打算做,企图做)
mean doing (意思是,意味着) can't help (to) do(不能帮忙做)
can't help doing(忍不住要做) be considered to have done被认为已经做了
consider...to be认为是
consider doing考虑做某事 非谓语动词做宾语补足语的区别
分 类 常见动词 与宾语的逻辑关系及时间概念 例 句 不定式 ask, beg, expect, get, order, tell, want, wish, encourage 主谓关系,强调动作将发生或已经完成
I asked to be sent to the countryside.
I heard him call me several times. have, notice, see, watch, hear, feel, let, make 现在分词 notice, see, watch, hear, find, keep, have, feel 主谓关系,强调动作正在进行,尚未完成 I found her listening to the radio. 过去分词 动宾关系,动作已经完成,多强调状态 We found the village greatly changed. IV. 非谓语动词做定语的区别
分 类 区 别 例 句 不定式 与被修饰词往往有动宾关系,一般式表示将来,进行式表示与谓语动作同时发生,完成式表示在谓语动词之前发生 I have a lot of papers to type.
I have a lot of papers to be typed.
I haven't decided which hotel to stay at.(介词at不能丢) 动名词 通常指被修饰词的用途,无逻辑上的主谓关系 Shall we go to the swimming pool? 现在分词 与被修饰词之间是主谓关系,表示动作与谓语动作同时发生 the boiling water / the boiled water
the developing country/the developed country
the falling leaves/the fallen leaves 过去分词 与被修饰词之间是被动关系,表示动作发生在谓语动作之前,现已经完成或只表示状态 注意:the bridge to be built 将建造的桥, the bridge being built 正在建造的桥,the bridge built已经建好的桥