②insist表示"坚持说"时,后面的从句不用虚拟语气。
She insisted that he had stolen her bike.
她坚持说他偷了她的自行车。
③在would rather后的宾语从句中,谓语常用过去时来表示对现在或将来情况的虚拟表达,用过去完成时表示对过去情况的虚拟表达。
He would rather she had worked hard.
他宁愿她努力工作。
I would rather he didn't know me.
我宁愿他不认识我。
3.虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法
在"It+is+adj./某些动词的过去分词+主语从句"的结构中,从句的谓语动词用(should)+do的形式。这些形容词包括:decided(决定的),important(重要的),ordered(命令的)等。
It is strange that he should know me.
太奇怪了,他竟然认识我。
It is highly desirable that a new mayor be appointed for this city.
人们渴望给这个城市任命一位新市长。
It is necessary that we should learn English well.
我们学好英语是很必要的。
从以上的各类从句中我们可以发现:当一个动词后面的宾语从句中要使用(should)+do的虚拟语气的形式时,则可推理出用法相同的一组从句。以动词advise为例:
I advise that we stay here.(动词后的宾语从句)
It is advisable that we stay here.(It is+由该动词转换的形容词+that引导的主语从句)
My advice is that we stay here.(由该动词转换的名词后的表语从句)
以上从句中的谓语形式都为(should)+do的虚拟语气形式。
试一试:想一想动词suggest可用哪些形式的句子来表达?
4.虚拟语气还可在表语从句、同位语从句中运用,从句的谓语动词由"should+动词原形"或只用动词原形构成。
It is a pity that he (should) refuse our invitation.(同位语从句)
他拒绝了我们的邀请,真遗憾!
My suggestion/advice is that she wait till next week.
我的建议是她等到下周。
5.虚拟语气还可用来表示祝愿、诅咒、禁止等。
Long live the unity of the Chinese people!
中华民族的统一万岁!
God bless you!
上帝保佑你!
May you have a long and happy life!
祝你长寿、生活幸福!
6.as if/though引起的表语从句或状语从句中,也用虚拟语气。
They talked as if they had been friends for years.
他们谈起话来就好像是多年的老朋友。
7.It's (high/about) time that...句型,也用虚拟语气。