Unit 4　Astronomy:the science of the stars

Period 4　语法专题课

学习目标

　　1.Master the basic usage of noun clauses as the subject.

　　2.Learn to use the noun clauses as the subject in real situations through self-study and practice.

　　3.Be absorbed in English study and enjoy the beauty of English.

学习过程

　　Ⅰ.主语从句在复合句中作句子的主语

　　What made her happy was that she won the game in such an important match.

　　令她高兴的是在这么重要的比赛中她获胜了。

　　Ⅱ.主语从句的引导词及在句中的功能

　　1.连词that,whether。

　　(1)that在从句中不作句子成分,只起引导词的作用,没有实际意义,不能省略。

　　That she could come to help us made us very happy.她能来帮助我们使我们很高兴。

　　That the big earthquake had killed many people frightened people all over the world.

　　大地震使很多人丧生令世界震惊。

　　(2)whether在从句中不充当任何成分,只起引导词的作用,但有"是否"之意,也不可以省略。

　　Whether we go by train or by boat makes no difference.我们乘火车还是乘船去没有差别。

　　It is still unknown whether the plan will be carried out.这个计划是否会实施还不知道。

　　2.连接代词who,whose,whom,what,which,whichever,whoever,whomever,whatever等在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语,每个词都有自己的具体的含义。

　　What is needed for the space trip is careful preparation.太空之旅所需要的就是认真准备。

　　Who will go makes no difference.谁去没有区别。

　　Whatever you do in your spare time should do no harm to others.

　　无论你在业余时间干什么都不应该伤害他人。

　　3.连接副词when,where,how,why在从句中分别作时间、地点、方式、原因状语。

　　Why dinosaurs died out remains a puzzle.恐龙为什么会灭绝仍然是个谜。

　　Where the English evening party will be held has not yet been decided.

　　英语晚会将要在哪里举行还没有决定。

　　When we will have a meeting is an important question.我们何时举行会议是个很重要的问题。

连接词有:　　　　　　　　;在句中　　　　　　　　(作/不作)句子成分。连接代词有　　　　　　　　;在句中作　　　　　　　　。

连接副词有:　　　　　　　　;在句中作　　　　　　　　。

　　Ⅲ.主语从句与形式主语it

　　1.It+be+形容词+主语从句,如:

　　It is uncertain whether he can come to Jenny's birthday party or not.

他是否能够参加詹妮的生日聚会还不确定。