三、难句透析

1.However, most trains into London only went to the distant boundary of the city because building railway tracks into the city would have caused damage to many historic buildings.　(page 50, lines 4-6)

然而，大多数去伦敦的火车只开到离市中心很远的城市边缘地带，因为在市内铺设铁轨会

损害许多有历史价值的建筑物。

【剖析】该句是复合句，because引导了一个原因状语从句。building railway tracks i

nto the city是动名词短语，同时该从句使用了虚拟语气，意思相当于If railway tracks

had been built into the city, they would have caused damage to many historic bui

ldings.

【归纳】

句中的damage是名词，意思是"损坏；破坏"。又如:

The traffic accident did a lot of damage to the car.

交通事故使汽车损害得很厉害。

2.Sixteen years later, in 1884, the Metro-politan Railway company and the Metropolitan District Railway linked up and provided the underground service in the middle of the city.(page 50, lines 19-22)

16年后，也就是1884年，大都会铁路公司和大都会区铁路公司联手，在市中心开辟地铁服

务。

【剖析】本句包含着两个并列的谓语linked up和provided.

【归纳】

(1)link up　连接；结合。

The two spacecraft will link up in orbit.

两艘宇宙飞船将在轨道上对接。

Where shall we link up?

我们在哪儿碰头?

(2)provide　提供；供应

(3)provided/providing(that)如果=If/Provided (that) you go there, I will go.

如果你去那儿的话，我也去。

3.The London underground system is working to transport millions of people effectively as it had done for many years.

正如这些一直在做的工作，伦敦地铁系统在高速运送着几百万人。

【剖析】这是一个复合句，里面包含着一个as引导的方式状语从句。

【归纳】

(1)transport n.&v. 运输；运送；交通工具

The goods were damaged during transport.

货物在运输期间受损。

Most of our luggage was transported by sea.

我们的大部分行李都是海运的。

Blood transports oxygen around the body.

血液把氧气输送到全身。