2．后置定语

　　过去分词短语作定语时往往作后置定语，即放在所修饰词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。

　　The girl, brought up by her uncle(＝ who was brought up by her uncle), has begun to work now.

　　由她叔叔带大的那个女孩现在已经参加工作了。

　　(二)过去分词作定语时的意义

　　1．及物动词的过去分词作定语，在语态上表示被动；在时间上，常表示动作已经发生或完成，有时也不表示时间性。

　　Time, used correctly, is money in the bank. (表被动)

　　时间如果用得正确的话，就是存在银行里的钱。

　　Tsinghua University, founded in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures. (表被动和完成)

　　建立于1911年的清华大学是成就大量杰出人物的地方。

　　2．不及物动词的过去分词作定语，它不表示被动意义，只强调动作完成。

　　Our retired soccer coach went to watch us play a game last week.

　　上周我们已退休的足球教练去看我们打了一场比赛。

　　即时演练1

　　1－1.单句语法填空

　　①Who were the so­called guests invited (invite) to your party last night?

　　②The concert given (give) by their friends was a success.

　　③Mr. Smith, tired (tire) of the speech, started to read an interesting (interest) novel.

　　④Polluted (pollute) air and water are harmful to people's health.

　　1－2.句型转换

　　⑤The books which were bought yesterday are of high quality.

　　→The books bought yesterday are of high quality.

　　⑥The broken window will be replaced soon.

　　→The window which/that is broken will be replaced soon.

语法点二 过去分词作表语 　　

　　过去分词作表语并无"完成"或"被动"之意，而是表示主语的状态或思想感情等，主语多为人。 要注意，连系动词不仅仅是be动词，look, get, remain, stay, seem等连系动词后也可以用过去分词作表语。

　　All of us were moved to tears at the sorrowful story.

　　听到那个悲伤的故事，我们都感动地流下泪来。

　　He looked worried after reading the letter.

　　看完信后，他显得很忧虑。

　　[点津]　(1)表示心理状态的interesting, exciting, disappointing, encouraging, worrying, puzzling, satisfying, surprising, pleasing等现在分词式形容词作表语时，强调事物外在的表象，意为"令人......的"；interested, excited, disappointed, encouraged, worried, puzzled, satisfied, surprised, pleased等，强调人主观的感受，意为"感到......的"。

　　Hearing the surprising news, they were all surprised.

　　听到这令人吃惊的消息，他们都很吃惊。

　　 (2)过去分词作表语时，强调主语所处的状态；动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，强调动作。

　　The cup is broken.

　　杯子破了。(主系表结构，强调杯子的状态)

　　The cup was broken by Jim.

杯子是吉姆打破的。(被动语态，强调动作)