He caused his parents a lot of trouble. = He caused a lot of trouble to his parents. 他带给父母很多麻烦。

The drought caused the plants to die.久旱造成植物枯萎。

cause 和reason 的区别

cause 指"产生结果的原因" 或"使某事发生的原因"

Carelessness is the cause of his failure. 粗心是他失败的原因。

reason 指"根据事实、情况或产生的结果,推导出结论的理由或道理"

The reason for the flood was the heavy rain. 那场大雨是发生洪水的原因。

1． prevent

preventable可阻止的，可制止的

preventive预防的, 防护的

prevention预防, 阻止

prevent +n /doing阻止某物/阻止做什么事情

prevent +n.+from doing sth. 使...不做某事, 阻止...做某事

　　　　We should do our best to prevent accidents.我们应该尽力避免意外。

Nothing will prevent my marrying her.没有事情能够阻止我娶她。

The bad weather prevented me from attending the meeting. 恶劣的天气使我不能出席会议。

　　　　What prevented him from going? 什么事阻止了他去?

2． Lose weight 减肥

put on weight 增肥

weight n.重量

in weight

by weight按重量计算

　　　　gross weight毛重

　　　　net weight净重

　　　　weigh vt. 称, 称...的重量

What is the weight of this gold coin? 这块金币的重量是多少？

It is fifty grams in weight. 它的重量是50克。

Apples are sold by weight.苹果是论重量卖的。

――How much does it weigh? 它有多重？

――It weights 6 pounds.它有6磅重。

The man weighed the fish by hand.那个男人用手估量那条鱼的重量

3． suffer

sufferer（疾病等的）受苦者，受难者，患者

suffering(s) n. (身体，精神上的)痛苦，苦恼

The patient kept complaining of his suffering all night.那个患者整个晚上不停地叫苦。

4． diet 日常饮食

Be on a diet=go on a diet节食

dietary adj. 饮食的，规定饮食的

A balanced diet is a healthy diet. 均衡的饮食是有利于健康的饮食。

I'm on a diet. 我在节食

She is on a low-fat diet.她正在接受低脂肪的饮食。