(2)作表语
①不定式作表语一般表示具体动作,特别是表示将来的动作。
At college,Barack Obama didn't know that he was to become the first black president of the United States of America.在大学时,贝拉克·奥巴马不知道他会成为美国第一任黑人总统。
②如果主语是以aim,duty,hope,idea,job,plan,problem,purpose,thing,wish等为中心的名词,或是what引导的名词性从句,不定式作表语用来说明主语的内容。
Her wish is to become a key college student after graduation.她的愿望是毕业后成为一名名校大学生。
(3)作宾语
①常用带to的不定式作宾语的动词有afford,agree,ask,decide,expect,hope,learn,manage,offer,pretend,promise,refuse,want,wish等。
She seated herself at a small table in the restaurant,waiting to be served.
她坐在餐馆里的一张小桌子旁等着被服务。
②有些动词后面可以跟不定式作宾语,也可以跟动名词作宾语,但意思不同,如forget,remember,try等;有些动词后面接不定式和动名词作宾语时意思差别不大,如start,begin,hate,like 等。
I remembered to lock the door before I left the office,but forgot to turn off the lights.
我离开办公室之前记得锁门却忘记关灯了。
[名师点津]
feel,find,think,believe,consider,make这几个动词后面接不定式作宾语,且宾语后面有形容词/名词作宾补时,常用it作形式宾语,而把不定式放到宾补之后。
We think it quite important for us to learn a foreign language well.
我们都认为学好一门外语对我们来说非常重要。
(4)作宾语补足语
不定式作宾语补足语,常用于下列动词后:ask,cause,call,help,force,allow