③Having finished his paper, he handed it to his tutor． 状语

　　④When he walked past the playground, he saw some boys playing football happily．

　　 宾语补足语

　　1－2．单句改错

　　⑤Excuse me for not my coming on time．

　　把not放于my后

　　⑥I'm sorry for having not kept my promise．

　　having_not→not_having

　　(一)动词­ing形式作主语

　　1．动词­ing形式作主语时，多表示经常性、习惯性的动作，谓语动词多用单数形式

　　Laughing often will benefit you a lot．

　　笑口常开好处多多。

　　Having lived abroad for a long time makes him homesick．

　　在国外生活了很久令他想家。

　 [点津]　意义不同的两个动词­ing形式并列作主语时，谓语动词需用复数形式

　　Writing and reading are her two hobbies．

　　写文章及读书是她的两个爱好。

　　2．形式主语it代替动词­ing形式作主语

　　(1)It is＋adj．＋doing sth．

　　It is/feels funny doing sth． 做某事(感觉)很滑稽

　　It is useless doing sth． 做某事无用

　　It's worthwhile doing sth． 做某事是值得的

　　(2)It is a waste of＋n．＋doing sth．

　　It's a waste of time doing sth． 做某事是浪费时间

　　(3)It is no＋n．＋doing sth．

　　It's no good/no use/no fun doing sth． 做某事没好处/没用/没意思

　　(4)There be＋no＋doing (joking/knowing ．．．) 　　It is useless making such efforts．

　　做这样的努力是没用的。

　　It is a waste of time doing such work．

　　做这样的工作是浪费时间。

　　It is no good saying such words．

　　说那样的话没有好处。

　　There is no knowing how the project will be carried out．

　　不知道这个工程将如何实施。

　　即时演练2

　　2－1．用所给动词的适当形式填空

　　①It is a waste of time trying (try) to persuade him to give up smoking．

　　②It is worthwhile reading/to read such a wonderful novel．

　　③It's no use complaining (complain) without taking action．

　　④There is no denying (deny) that the environment is from bad to worse．

　　2－2．完成句子

　　⑤Reading_aloud is a good way to learn a language．

　　大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。

　　⑥Wasting_a_person's_time is the same as killing him for his property．

　　浪费别人的时间无异于谋财害命。

　　(二)动词­ing形式作宾语

1．在admit, avoid, consider (考虑), enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, imagine, mind, miss, practise, suggest, delay, appreciate等动词之后只能用动词­ing形式作宾语，不能用不定式