(1)动名词作表语和主语是等值关系,两者有时可以互换,句子意思不变;动名词后面可以接宾语、状语。
(2)现在分词作表语和主语不是对等关系,现在分词后面不能接宾语,但它前面可以有修饰性的副词,如very, rather等。
2. 动词-ing形式作定语
动名词作定语用来说明该名词的用途,不表示名词本身的动作;现在分词作定语与所修饰的名词具有逻辑上的主谓关系,即现在分词相当于所修饰名词的谓语。
We must improve our working method. (动名词)
They set up an operating table in a small temple.(动名词)
China is a developing country. (现在分词)
The student making the experiment is our monitor.(现在分词)
提示:
(1)动名词短语不能作定语,单个的动名词可以用作定语,但仅作前置定语。
如 working method=method for working 工作方法
(2)单个分词和分词短语都可作定语,单个分词一般作前置定语,分词短语则作后置定语,相当于一个定语从句。
如:the man visiting Japan=the man who is visiting Japan 访日的那个人。
1. 动词-ing形式作宾补
动名词不能作宾语补足语。现在分词作宾补表示的是正在发生的动作。例如:
I saw him going upstairs.
We watched her crossing the street.
I saw a man sliding on a banana skin, and I laughed a lot.
He saw a man stealing into the small room.
提示:接现在分析作宾语补足语的动词有feel, hear, listen to, see, look at, watch, observe, notice, find, smell, set, have, keep, start, leave, get catch等。
Step 3. Consolidation
Purpose: To put the grammar rules into practice.
Finish the workbook exercises.
Step 4. Homework.
Make use of different learning resources to summarize the rule of v- ing forms.