1.... the city will load huge spaceships with waste materials and send them towards the sun，preventing landfill and environmental problems.

......城市将用巨型宇宙飞船装载废弃材料朝太阳发射，防止垃圾填埋和环境问题。 现在分词短语作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。 He dropped the glasses on the ground, breaking_it_into_pieces.

\他把眼镜掉在了地上，眼镜摔得粉碎。 2.Everyone will be given a telephone number at birth that will never change no matter where they live.

每个人在出生时都会被给予一个电话号码，无论他们居住在哪里，这个电话号码都不会改变。 no matter where引导让步状语从句，可用wherever进行替换。　 _No_matter_where_you_go,_you will find many kind people who want to help others.

无论你走到什么地方，你都会发现很多乐于助人的好心人。 3.Distance surgery will become common as doctors carry out operations from thousands of miles away, with each city having its own telesurgery outpatient clinic.

随着每个城市都拥有自己的远程手术门诊部，医生们将能在数千英里以外实施手术，远程手术将变得十分普遍。 with的复合结构(即with＋宾语＋宾补)作原因状语。 With_his_mother_helping_him，he is getting along well with his work.

在他母亲的帮助下，他的工作进展地很顺利。 　　

　　1．(教材P2)No one knows for sure, and making predictions is a risky business.

　　谁也说不准，并且猜测也是件冒险的事。

for sure (＝for certain)肯定地，确实