considering,supposing,providing等。
E.g. Judging from what he has said,he is a doctor.根据他的话判断,他是位医生。
E.g. Considering that the old man is old, he needs looking after.考虑到老人老了,他需要被照顾
4.动词-ing形式作状语时,常将否定副词not置于分词前面。
E.g. Not having finished the work, they had to work extra hours.由于没有完成工作,他们只好加班。
5.状语从句转化为非谓语作状语时,若从句的主语与主句的主语一致,从句谓语含有be动词时,可保留从句的引导词。
E.g. When getting to the top of the mountain, they found the sun was rising.
当他们到达山顶时,发现太阳正在升起。
6.动词-ing形式与过去分词的区别
(1)语态不同:v.-ing形式表示主动概念,与相关的名词或代词之间构成一种"主谓关系"。而过去分词表示被动概念,与相关的名词或代词构成一种"动宾关系"。
(2)时间不同:v.-ing形式表示"正在进行的动作";过去分词表示"已完成的动作"。
E.g. Seeing from the hill, you will see the beautiful city.在山上看,你会看到美丽的城市。
E.g. Seen from the hill, the beautiful lake is like a big mirror.
从山上看,那个美丽的湖就像一面大镜子。
【巧学助记】
分词短语记忆口诀
分词作状语,主语是问题;逗号前后两动作,共用一主语;主语找出后,再来判关系;主动用-ing,被动用-ed;having done表先后,千万要牢记
例1.(2014福建泉州期中)He waited at the gate of the hotel all the time, ______to run into his favorite
pop singer.
A. hoping B. to hope C. having hoped D. hoped
解析:根据句意"他一直等在宾馆的门口,希望巧遇他最喜欢的流行歌手。"此处非谓语动词表示
的动作与句子谓语动词表示的动作相伴随着发生,故用现在分词作伴随状语。
答案:A。
例 2.(2014大纲全国)Today there are more airplanes_______ more people than ever before in the skies.
A. carry B. carrying C. carried D. to be carrying
解析:根据句意"现在比以前有有更多的飞机运送乘客。"考查现在分词作定语。此处airplane和
carrying之间是主动关系,故用现在分词作定语。
答案:B。
例3.(2014福建)________the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more mature than those of her age.
A. Spending B. Spent C. Having spent D. To spend
解析:根据句意"由于Linda过去几年在香港作交换留学生,所以她看起来比她的实际年龄更成熟。"