答案 (1)动词,断绝/动词,拦截/动词,断绝/形容词,败坏/动词,横渡/形容词,与世隔绝的/副词,很/副词,达到极点 (2)动词,借/动词,代理/动词,借助/形容词,伪,与"真"相对,假装/连词,假如 (3)动词,维持/形容词,治理得好,太平/动词,治理,管理/动词,处理,处治
3.虚词归纳
且
答案 副词,将要/连词,况且/连词,又/副词,将近/连词,尚且/连词,而且
4.古今异义词
(1)始为布衣时,贫无行
古义:________________________________________________________________________
今义:________________________________________________________________________
(2)愿君留意臣之计
古义:________________________________________________________________________
今义:________________________________________________________________________
答案 (1)古义:平民,百姓。今义:布衣服。
(2)古义:仔细考虑。今义:注意,小心。
5.说说下列加点词语的活用情况,并解释一下
(1)有一母见信饥,饭信:_______________________________________________________
(2)议欲下赵:_________________________________________________________________
(3)足下深沟高垒:_____________________________________________________________
(4)如我能将几何:_____________________________________________________________
(5)欲东下井陉击赵:___________________________________________________________
(6)师事之:___________________________________________________________________
(7)信乃谋与家臣夜诈诏赦诸官徒奴:_____________________________________________
(8)英俊乌集:_________________________________________________________________
(9)乃晨炊蓐食:_______________________________________________________________
(10)水上军开入之:____________________________________________________________
(11)辟左右与之步于庭:________________________________________________________
(12)羞与绛、灌等列:__________________________________________________________
答案 (1)名词作动词,给饭吃 (2)名词作动词,攻下 (3)名词作动词,挖沟;筑墙 (4)名词作动词,率领 (5)名词作状语,向东 (6)名词作状语,像对待老师一样 (7)名词作状语,在夜里,连夜 (8)名词作状语,像乌鸦一样 (9)名词作状语,在早晨;在床上