自我构建 快乐无限

学生自主学习句子的各种成分为复合句的学习打下基础

学生自主学习句子的种类为学习定语从句打基础

一、句子的成分：

1. 主语（subject）

(1)We often speak English in class.

(2)Many boys likes football very much.

(3)The food tastes very good.

(4)She decided to stay here.

主语是句子中动作或状态的_________, 一般由________或________担当.

2.谓语(predicate)

(1)He takes care of his mother.

(2)He has gone to America.

(3)We are students.

谓语说明主语所做的_______或具有的________,一般由______担当.

3.表语(predicative):

(1) The weather has turned cold.

(2) His job is to teach English.

(3) His hobby is playing football.

(4) Time is up.

(5) The truth is that he has never been abroad.

表语一般位于_______词后,说明主语的___________，

系动词的种类（1）be动词类 （2）表示变化类,如：__________________

（3）感官________________________________

（4）不变/保持 _______________________.

4.宾语(object)：

一般位于__________词和____词后，表示动作的_______或_______.

宾语的类型：

• _______宾语Lend me your dictionary , please.

• _______宾语He sent a birthday gift to me yesterday.

• 复合宾语They elected him their monitor.

• _______宾语In our school most of the students are from the north.

5.补语:

类型：宾补 (object complement ); 主补 (subject complement)

Find out and underline the complement in each sentence

• His father named him Tom.

• They painted their boat white.

• You mustn't force him to do anything.

• We saw her entering the room.

• We will soon make our city what your city is now.

• He was made monitor.

• He was last seen playing by the river.

6.定语(attributive): 在句中修饰或限定_____词或_____词

Can you find out the attributive in each sentence?

• China is a large country.

• There are women teachers in our school.

• He is reading an article about how to learn English.

• I am a girl coming from America.

• The dog called Alex is nearly ten years old.

• I have a lot of homework to do.

7.状语(adverbial): 修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征。

• Light travels quickly.

• He is in the room making a model plane.

• Once you begin, you must continue.

状语可以由_______, __________,或____________来充当.

状语种类：

How about meeting again at six? ___________

She didn't go to the dance party because of the rain. __________

I shall go there if it doesn't rain. ___________

Mr Smith lives on the third floor. ___________

She put the eggs into the basket with great care. ____________

She came in with a book in her hand. ____________

In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder. ___________

He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately. ___________

She works very hard though she is old. _____________

I am taller than he is. ______________

8.同位语 (apposition)：在名词或代词后,对其加以说明

• We students should study hard.

• We all are students.

• Carol , an American teacher, will come to our school.

二、句子的分类：

1.按用途：

1) 陈述句(肯定、否定); 2）疑问句: 一般、特殊、选择、反意

3）祈使句 4）感叹句

2.按功能：

1）简单句：只有一个____语（或并列____语）和一个____语。

He often reads English in the morning.

Tom and Mike are American boys.

She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.

Hurry up, or you will be late.

This house belongs to Mr. Smith；it costs millions of dollars.

2）并列句：由________词（and, but, or等）或分号（；）把两个或两个以上的_______句连在一起构成。

You help him and he helps you.

He wants to go there but I don't.

Hurry up, or you will be late.

This house belongs to Mr. Smith；it costs millions of dollars.

3）复合句：含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。

The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall.

This is the book that I want.

I think that he is right.

划出上面三个句子中的从句部分。 合作探究 携手共进

小组合作完成

B层学生展示

A层学生点评

1. 还有哪些结构可以充当主语呢？你能试举出例句吗？（至少2句）

2. 你能试着总结出哪些结构可以做宾语补足语？

3. 那么定语呢？可以由什么来充当？

4. 你知道简单句的五种基本句型吗？

5. 你是如何辨别复合句中的主句和从句的？

拓展提升 学以致用

小组讨论完成练习

C层学生展示

B层学生点评