步)
2)v-ing形式有一般式(doing),被动式(being done),完成式(having done)和完成被动式(having been done)四种形式;
一般式表示主动的.一般性的动作,意思为"正在做";被动式表示正在进行的被动的动作,意思为"正在被做";完成式表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作,含主动性,意思为"已经做";被动完成式表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作,含被动性,意思为"已经被做"。
Having watered the flowers, he began to cut the grass.他给花浇完水后,开始动手割草。
Having been tested out many times. The Dreamliner will enter service next month. 在实验多次之后,这架梦想型飞机下个月投入使用。
3)v-ing形式的否定式直接在前面加not构成;
Not having received a reply, he decided to write again.没有收到回信,他决定再写。
Tom offered us a lift when he was leaving the office, but our work not being finished, we refused.汤姆下班时主动让我们搭车,但是我们的工作没有完成,所以拒绝了。
4)少部分动词的v-ing形式可以充当独立成份,无论主语是什么都用这种形式作状语。常见的有:
generally/strictly/exactly speaking 大体,严格,准确说来;
judging from/by 根据......判断; talking of ... 谈到......;supposing (that)... 假设,
considering... 考虑到,鉴于;假定;regarding ... 关于......。
Judging from his accent, he must come from the south.从他的口音来判断,他是南方人。
Supposing it should rain, we would still go.假如下雨的话,我们还是要去。
四.自主探究
1.现在分词与动名词作前置定语的区别
请区别:a waiting room
a waiting man
2.现在分词与过去分词作定语的区别
请区别:Who is the man speaking to the students?
What is the language spoken in your country?