2019-2020学年度人教版必修五Unit1Great scientistsPeriod Two Learning about Language学案
Grammar:The Past Participle (1) as the Attribute and Predicative
过去分词作表语和定语
1.过去分词作定语
(1)单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前,有时也放在被修饰的名词之后。
My friend is a returned student.
我的朋友是个归国的留学生。
The excited people rushed into the hall.
激动的人们冲进大厅。
There is no time left.没有多少时间了。
(2)过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面,作后置定语,其作用相当于一个定语从句。
The student dressed in white is my daughter.
=The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.
穿白色衣服的学生是我的女儿。
Is there anything planned for tonight?
=Is there anything that has been planned for tonight?
今晚安排了什么活动没有?
The book,written in 1957,tells the struggle of the miners.
=The book,which was written in 1957,tells the struggle of the miners.
这本书是1957年写的,讲的是关于矿工斗争的故事。
过去分词作定语与所修饰词之间存在两种意义关系:一是及物动词表被动意义(或已完成的被动动作);二是不及物动词表示完成意义。
an organized trip有组织的旅行(被动)
The question discussed was very important.
被讨论的问题非常重要。(即表被动又表完成)
boiled water开水(完成)
fallen leaves落叶(完成)
2.过去分词作表语
过去分词作表语,表示主语所处的状态(用作表语的过去分词大多已形容词化)。这种结构从形式上看与被动语态相同,但后者表示主语所承受的动作。
He is very tired after a long walk.
走了很长的路,他感到很累。(系表结构)
This window is broken.这个窗户破了。(系表结构)
This window was broken by the naughty boy there.
这个窗户是被那边那个顽皮的男孩打破的。(被动语态)
3.现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别: