2. at an end 结束，终结（= finished）

[典例]

1). The war was finally at an end. 战争终于结束了。

[短语归纳]

与end搭配的常用短语

at the end of 在......末尾 by the end of 在......末为止

in the end 最后，终于 at a loose end 无所事事，处于杂乱状态

make ends meet 收支相抵

[练习] 用at the end of, by the end of 和 in the end填空。

1). How many English words have you learned ____________ last term?

2). He became an outstanding doctor ___________.

3). My uncle will fly to China _________ this year.

答案: 1). by the end of 2). in the end 3). at the end of

3. instead of 代替，而不是

[典例]

1). The Chinese use chopsticks instead of knives and forks. 中国人不用刀叉,用筷子。

2). Instead of working, Jack was idling away his time. 杰克不去工作,虚度着光阴。

3). She decided to leave here on Sunday instead of Monday.

　她决定星期日而不是星期一离开这里。

[短语归纳]

instead 是副词，单独使用，用于句首或句末作状语，意为"代替；相反"。

instead of 是复合介词，后接名词、代词、或动名词，其后面的动作，意为"代替、而不......"。

in place of 为介词短语，也是"代替、而不"的意思，表"以甲代乙"，不含比，而instead of则是"用甲不用乙"，除"代替"外，还有对乙作否定的意思，有时意为"不"。

take the place of 作谓语，用在名词、代词前。

[练习] 单项选择。

1). Tractors _____________ horses in many places.

A. in place of B. have taken the place of C. instead D. instead of

2). You should be out playing ___________ working indoors all day.

A. in spite of B. take the place of C. instead D. instead of

答案:

1). B 2). D

4. tens of thousands of 数以万计的

[典例]

1). Tens of thousands of people were watching the game in the stadium when it began to rain heavily.

[短语归纳]

hundreds of数百的 hundreds of and thousands of 成百上千的

thousands of数千的 millions of数百万的

dozens of许多； 大量 scores of 许多； 大量

[练习] 选择填空

1). Every year ________ foreign visitors come to China.

　　A. tens of thousands of B. ten thousands of

　　C. over ten thousands D. thousands upon thousands

2). There were ____________ people in the hall.