证明:设 1=a1+b1i, 2=a2+b2i, 3=a3+b3i(a1,a2,a3,b1,b2,b3∈R).
∵ 1( 2+ 3)=(a1+b1i)[(a2+b2i)+(a3+b3i)]=(a1+b1i)[(a2+a3)+(b2+b3)i]
=[a1(a2+a3)-b1(b2+b3)]+[b1(a2+a3)+a1(b2+b3)]i
=(a1a2+a1a3-b1b2-b1b3)+(b1a2+b1a3+a1b2+a1b3)i.
1 2+ 1 3=(a1+b1i)(a2+b2i)+(a1+b1i)(a3+b3i)
=(a1a2-b1b2)+(b1a2+a1b2)i+(a1a3-b1b3)+(b1a3+a1b3)i
=(a1a2-b1b2+a1a3-b1b3)+(b1a2+a1b2+b1a3+a1b3)i
=(a1a2+a1a3-b1b2-b1b3)+(b1a2+b1a3+a1b2+a1b3)i
∴ 1( 2+ 3)= 1 2+ 1 3.
六、知识应用,深化理解
例1计算:(5-6i)+(-2-i)-(3+4i)
解:(5-6i)+(-2-i)-(3+4i)=(5-2-3)+(-6-1-4) i=-11 i
例2计算:(1-2i)+(-2+3i)+(3-4i)+(-4+5i)+...+(-2002+2003i)+(2003-2004i)
解法一:原式=(1-2+3-4+...-2002+2003)+(-2+3-4+5+...+2003-2004i)=(2003-1001)+(1001-2004)i=1002-1003i.
解法二:∵(1-2i)+(-2+3i)=-1+i,
(3-4i)+(-4+5i)=-1+i,
......
(2001-2002i)+(-2002+2003)i=-1+i.
相加得(共有1001个式子):
原式=1001(-1+i)+(2003-2004i)