答案:(1)归顺/回到/回去/归还 (2)容易/改变/轻视/交换 (3)禀告/告诉、告知/向天地或祖先祭告大事/告发、揭发 (4)给/和/结交
4.词类活用。
(a)名词的活用
(1)名词作动词
①函梁君臣之首________________________________________________
②契丹与吾约为兄弟________________________________________________
③抑本其成败之迹________________________________________________
(2)名词作状语
①负而前驱________________________________________________________________________
②仓皇东出________________________________________________________________________
③一夫夜呼________________________________________________________________________
(b)动词的活用
(1)动词作名词
而告以成功_____________________________________________________________________
(2)动词的使动用法
①忧劳可以兴国,逸豫可以亡身______________________________________________
②及凯旋而纳之_______________________________________________________
(c、)形容词的活用
(1)形容词作动词
一夫夜呼,乱者四应________________________________________________________
(2)形容词作名词
祸患常积于忽微,而智勇多困于所溺___________________________________________