2018-2019学年人教版高一英语必修三专题之 语法剖析 学案:Unit4 Astronomy the science of the stars
2018-2019学年人教版高一英语必修三专题之 语法剖析 学案:Unit4 Astronomy the science of the stars第2页

  他想要看到的是世界军备竞赛的结束。

  2)主语从句位于句尾,使用先行词it作形式主语。如:

  It was right that the temple was rescued.这座庙被拯救了,这很好。

  在下列情况下,一般使用形式主语it,而将真正的主语从句放在句尾:

  谓语是seem ,appear ,be (im)possible ,be a pity ,be a wonder ,be likely等。如:

  It appeared to scientists on earth that the stars had moved.

  在地球上的科学家看来,这些星体已经移动了。

  It's a wonder you recognized me.你能认出我来,真是奇怪。

  在It is known...,It is said...,It is hoped...,It is believed...等惯用的被动结构中。如:

  It is believed that before writing was developed,people in China used to keep records by putting a number of stones together.据信,在文字发明之前,中国人靠把许多石头聚集在一起来作记录。

  需要注意的是:当主语从句放在句尾而用形式主语时,形式主语只能用it,而不能使用this,that等代词。如:

  Does it matter if he can't finish the job on time?

 若他不能按时完成工作要紧吗?

  2.主语从句的连接词可以分为以下三类:

  1)that,whether(if)

  连接词that本身没有意义,不作句子成分,只表示从句的开始,位于句首时,that不能省略;whether(if)尽管不充当句子成分,但是含有"是否"的意思,可以加上"or not",其语意不变。whether和if也有不同的用法,如果主语从句位于句首则必须用连接词whether,不用if。

  Whether we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.

 明天我们是否去野营取决于天气情况。

  2)what, who(m),which, whose, when, where, why, how

  在这一类连接词中,除了引导主语从句之外,在从句中又分别起代词、副词或形容词的作用,在从句中分别作主语、宾语、表语、状语和定语。因此,what、who(m)、which又称为连接代词;when,where,why,how又称为连接副词;whose,which,what又称为连接形容词。试比较:Slow and steady wins the race.

  稳扎稳打;无往不胜。         

  Who will do it doesn't matter.(连接代词who在从句中作主语)

  谁去做这件事没关系。

  What we need is more water.(连接代词what在从句中作need的宾语)

  我们所需要的是更多的水。

  Which of the two is better remains to be seen.(连接代词which在从句中作主语) 这两者中哪个更好还要再看。

  When we will start the work is an important question.(连接副词when在从句中作时间状语)

  我们什么时候开始工作是个很重要的问题。

  Where the library is to be built has not been decided yet.(连接副词where在从句中作地点状语)

  这个图书馆要建在哪里还未决定。

  Why she was late for school is quite clear now.(连接副词why在从句中作原因状语)

她上学迟到的原因现在看来很清楚。