名词的具体含义。引导同位语从句的词有连词that, whether以及连接副词how, when, where, why等。

　　1．that引导的同位语从句

　　(1)如果从句意义完整，用连词that引导同位语从句。注意：引导同位语从句的that不能省略。

　　The order that all the soldiers should set off at once is given by the general.

　　所有士兵立刻动身的命令是由将军下达的。(作order的同位语)

　　People used to hold the belief that the earth was the center of the universe.

　　人们曾认为地球是宇宙的中心。(作belief的同位语)

　　(2)that引导的同位语从句和引导的定语从句的区别

同位语从句 定语从句 不作成分，起连接作用，不可省略；所引导的句子对名词加以解释说明，且名词为抽象名词。如：

The news that he gave in surprised me.

他投降的消息让我很吃惊。(同位语从句，news和从句没有逻辑关系) 作主语、宾语或表语，起连接作用，作宾语时可以省略；所引导的句子与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系。如：

The news (that) he told me surprised me.

他告诉我的消息让我很吃惊。(定语从句，news是told的逻辑宾语) 　　即时演练1

　　1－1.判断下面句子中加黑部分是同位语从句还是定语从句：

　　①The news that Tom will go abroad next year was told by him.同位语从句

　　②The news that he told me is that Tom will go abroad next year.定语从句

　　③No one is happy with the fact that he found out.定语从句

　　④No one is happy with the fact that he will become their boss.同位语从句

　　1－2.把下面两个句子连成一个含同位语从句的复合句。

　　⑤Two fifths of all girls in America are on a diet. The fact worries their parents and teachers a lot.

　　→The fact that two fifths of all girls in America are on a diet worries their parents and teachers a lot.

　　⑥Students should be given more free time. The suggestion is welcomed by many people.

　　→The suggestion that students should be given more free time is welcomed by many people.

　　2．whether引导的同位语从句

　　如果同位语从句的意义不完整，需要增加"是否"的意义，应用连词whether引导同位语从句。注意：if不能引导同位语从句。

　　There is some doubt whether John will come on time.

　　有人怀疑约翰是否会准时到来。

　　Besides that, there is also a fierce debate over the question whether human cloning experiments should be allowed.

　　除此以外，关于是否应该允许进行人类克隆试验的问题也引起了激烈的争论。

　　3．wh­连接词引导的同位语从句

　　如果同位语从句的意义不完整，需增加"什么时候"、"什么地点"、"什么方式"、"什么"等含义，应用when, where, how, what等词引导同位语从句。

　　(1)连接代词what, who, whom, whose, which引导同位语从句

　　I have no idea what size shoes she wears.

　　我不知道她穿几号的鞋。

　　I have no idea which wine is the best - it's a matter of personal taste.

　　我不知道哪种酒最好，这是个人口味的问题。

　　The question who should do the work requires consideration.

　　谁该做这项工作的问题需要考虑。

　　(2)连接副词when, where, how, why引导的同位语从句

　　We haven't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.

　　到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。

You have no idea how worried I was!