⑦achievement功绩；成就 ⑧natural自然的

　　⑨western西方的 ⑩happily幸福地

语法点三 转　化 　　转化是一个单词由一个词性转化为另一种或几种词性。

转化 举　例 名词

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动词 hand手/递，watch手表/观看，smoke烟/吸烟，fish鱼/钓鱼 名词

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形容词 light光线/轻的，wrong错误/错的，right右边/对的 动词

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形容词 clean打扫/干净的，close关上/近的，free使自由/自由的 副词

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形容词 enough足够地/足够的，last最后/最后的，hard努力/困难的 读音不同

词性不同 这些词作动词时重音在后，作名词时重音在前：contest竞赛，export出口，

increase增加，permit允许，progress进步，rebel反抗，record记录 　　

　　即时演练3

　　写出下列句中加黑单词的词性和词义

　　①He is a man with a powerful build．名词，体格

　　②Today, fresh fruit from these trees is shipped from one country to another．动词，运输

　　③The train slowed down．动词，减缓

　　④They're running in the final． 名词，决赛

　　⑤You should be dressed in black．动词，穿衣

　　[链接高考]

　　用所给词的适当形式填空

　　1．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)The title will be officially (official) given to me at a ceremony in London．

　　2．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Then, handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a real sense of achievement (achieve)．

　　3．(2016·浙江高考)A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience, especially (especial) if you are travelling at high speed．

　　4．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ) Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it regularly (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people living in Shanghai and Hong Kong．

　　5．(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)As natural (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days．

　　6．(2015·湖北高考)The girl used to be shy, but is gradually (gradual) getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself．

　　7．(2014·全国卷Ⅰ)While there are amazing (amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the changes are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river．

8．(2014·全国卷Ⅱ)There were many people waiting at the bus stop, and some of them looked very anxious and disappointed (disappoint)．