高中英语 Module 1 Small Talk Vocabulay Grammar学案 外研版选修6

学习目标：学习和区别didn't need to do 和needn't have done的用法，提高语言运用能力。

学习方法指导：通过复习知识点，高考链接的训练对该语法进行巩固和熟练应用。

学习过程：

Ⅰ.1. 本模块提到了need表示"过去不必做某事"的表达方法。didn't need to do 和needn't have done 这两种结构都可以表示过去不必做某事, 但didn't need to do表示"没必要, 实际上也没有做某事";而needn't have done则表示"本没有必要, 但实际上已经做了某事"。

②They did not need to go to school, so they went camping together.

③I didn't need to get up early this morning, so I stayed in bed until 9 a. m.

上面三句话中, ①表明他们没必要自己做, 实际上他们也没有自己做;

②表明我们没有去上课; ③表明实际上"我"没有早起。

①As it turned out to be a small house party, we needn't have dressed up so formally.

②-Mr. Smith didn't come last night, did he?

-No. We needn't have waited for him. A whole night was wasted.

③ You needn't have said that when he asked.

以上三句话中, ①表明虽然没有必要正式着装, 但实际上打扮得都很正式;

②表明虽然没必要等史密斯先生, 但实际上等了一晚上;

1)"need"作为情态动词的用法:

①need表示"需要"或"必须", 通常用于否定句和疑问句。如: You needn't do it again.

②needn't后的不定式间或也能用进行式或被动语态。如:We needn't be waiting in this place. The hedges needn't be trimmed this week. 本周树蓠不必要整修。

2)"need"作为实义动词时, 通常用法是:

①人＋need＋to do We need to collect the parcel before we leave for England.

②物＋need＋doing The flowers need watering.

③物＋need ＋to be done His leather shoes needs to be mended.

④另外, "need"后还可以直接跟名词。It is a question that needs very careful consideration.

Ⅱ. 情态动词 + have + done

(1) must have done 可用来对某件过去的事情作__________推测，表示"一定已经，想必已经"做过某事，用于肯定的陈述句中。否定句中用__________。

She must have received the parcel, I sent it by registered post.