【学霸诀窍】2018-2019学年外研版高中英语必修三学案设计:句子剖析拓展 Module3 TheViolenceofNature Word版含解析
【学霸诀窍】2018-2019学年外研版高中英语必修三学案设计:句子剖析拓展 Module3 TheViolenceofNature Word版含解析第2页

  这两个词都有"影响"的意思,但它们的词性不同。affect为及物动词,而effect为名词。例如:

The war and the suffering that it caused affected him greatly.

战争及战争所带来的灾难对他影响很大。

The change had no effect on him.

这变化对他没有影响。

The cemetery where Coghlan was buried was destroyed by the hurricane and Coghlan's coffin ended up in the sea. 

埋葬考夫林的墓地被飓风摧毁了,他的灵柩也被冲到了海里。

  【剖析】 1)本句的主干是The cemetery was destroyed and Coghlan's coffin ended up in the sea,是由and连接的两个并列分句。

  2)where Coghlan was buried是由where引导的定语从句修饰the cemetery,其中where在定语从句中作状语。

  【拓展】 辨析end up with和end up in:

  end up with表示"以......结束",with后跟结束的"方式"。

  end up in 表示"以......结束",in后跟的是"结果"。

China is situated in one of most active earthquake regions in the world and there have been many terrible earthquakes.

中国位于世界地震活动最频繁的地区之一,有许多可怕的地震。

  【剖析】 这是由and把两个分句连接起来的一个句子。

  there have been many terrible earthquakes为there be结构。there be结构又称存在句,表示某处有某物。这种结构以there为引导词(本身无词义),以动词be的某种形式作谓语动词,以名词词组为句子的主语。例如:

There is a lot of noise in the street.

街上喧闹声很大。

The California Earthquake of the 18th of April 1906 is the worst earthquake that has ever happened in the United States.

那场1906年4月18日发生的加利福尼亚地震是美国发生的地震中最严重的一次。

  【剖析】 1)句子主干是The Earthquake is the worst。

  2)that has ever happened in the United States是由that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词earthquake,that在从句中充当主语。

  3)happen意为"发生",是表示"发生"的最普通的用词,它指具体事件的发生,特别指那些偶然的或未能预见的"发生"。

Fires caused by the California Earthquake did the most damage.

由加利福尼亚地震引起的火灾破坏最严重。

  【剖析】 1)这句话的主干是Fires did the most damage。

2)caused by the California Earthquake是过去分词短语作定语,相当于一个含有被动语态的定语从句which/that was caused by California Earthquake,修饰前面的名词fires。在英语中,过去分词可作定语修饰名词或代词,常位于被修饰的名词之后。例如: