Unit 1 Living well Grammar(II)学案

导学目标 掌握不定式to do的句法功能、时态及省略。

自主合作探究

I. 不定式作定语

1) She has a lot of work to do.

2) He is always the first to come and the last to leave.

3) His first book to be published next month is based on a true story.

归纳拓展：

1. 在下列名词之后常接不定式作定语：ability, attempt, claim, chance, decision, desire, plan, promise, wish、right, courage, need, time, opportunity, way, the first, the second, the last, the only等。如： His attempt to solve the difficult problem failed again.

注意：名词chance, way等之后，也可接of doing sth.作定语。

2. 在序数词或被序数词所修饰的名词后用不定时作定语。

注意：

1. 不定式作定语常表示将来的动作或事情。

2. 不定式与被修饰词之间有动宾关系，同时与句中其它词之间有逻辑上的主谓关系时，尽管有被动含义，却仍然用不定式的主动语态。如只有动宾关系，而又在句中找不到有逻辑上的主谓关系的词，则需要用被动语态。试比较：

Let's go downtown. Do you have anything to buy this afternoon?（buy由句中主语you来做）

I'll go downtown. Do you have anything to be bought ?(很明显，"我"要进城，buy与you不存在逻辑上的主谓关系)

3. 不定式在有些句子中做定语相当于一个定语从句.

如：The sports meet to take place (=which /that will take place) in our school next week will surely succeed.

即景活用：

1) His first book __________________ next month is based on a true story.

　他下月将要出版的第一本书是以一个真实的故事为依据写的。

2) Many buildings in the city need repairing, but the one ________(repair) first is the library.

II. 不定式的时态

1) He seems to know this.

2) It is important to read English every day.

3) The bridge to be built next year is very long.

4) I'm sorry to have kept you waiting so long.

5) His new novel is said to have been published.

6) She happened to be writing a letter when I passed by.

归纳拓展：

动词不定式的各种形式及其表达的时态和语态意义

　　　　主动 被动