语不是疑问词时)和倒装结构中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。
(二)主语的表现形式
主语可由名词、代词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
(1)名词
During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.
20世纪90年代,美国乡村音乐越来越流行。
Professor Zhang is a famous scientist.张教授是著名的科学家。
(2)代词
We often speak English in class.我们经常在课堂上说英语。
Who is the man standing over there?站在那里的那个人是谁?
(3)数词
One third of the students in this class are girls.这个班1/3的学生是女生。
Two times five is ten.2乘5等于10。
(4)不定式
To swim in the Lijang River is a great pleasure.在漓江里游泳是非常愉快的事。
To master a foreign language is necessary.掌握一门外语是必要的。
(5)动名词
Smoking does harm to the health.吸烟对健康有害。
Playing football in the street is dangerous.在街上踢足球是危险的。
(6)名词化的形容词
The rich should help the poor.富人应该帮助穷人。
In new China the old are living a happy life.在新中国,老年人正过着幸福的生活。
(7)从句
When we are going to have an English test has not been decided yet.
我们还没有决定什么时候举行英语测验。
Whether he?ll join us in the discussion is of great importance.
他是否参加我们的讨论是很重要的。
(8)it作形式主语
It is necessary to master a foreign language.掌握一门外语是有必要的。
It is dangerous playing with fire.玩火是危险的。