典题精讲
经典例题
例1 There have been several new events __________ to the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.
A.add B.to add
C.adding D.added
思路解析:本题考查过去分词的用法。过去分词作后置定语,表示动作已经完成。本句已经有了谓语动词have been,排除A项;由There have been...可知,新的比赛项目已经被加进去,排除B项;因为add与events之间存在被动关系,排除C项。
答案:D
绿色通道:解对此类题首先注意句子是否已经存在谓语动词,分词与所修饰的名词或代词之间存在主动还是被动关系。如:Look at the boy talking with our teacher.看那个和我们老师谈话的男孩。the boy和talk之间存在主动关系。
例2 A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending,but the reader must not be left __________.
A.unsatisfied B.unsatisfying
C.to be unsatisfying D.being unsatisfied
思路解析:leave sb./sth.后接分词作宾语补足语,排除C和D;unsatisfying"令人不满意的",多修饰事情;unsatisfied"不满意的",多修饰人。排除B。
答案:A
黑色陷阱:本题有两处陷阱:一是对leave后接什么样的词作宾语补足语不清楚,误选C或D;二是对unsatisfying 和unsatisfied的含义不清楚,误选B。
例3 We are living in an age ___________ many things are done on computer.
A.which B.that
C.whose D.when
思路解析:本题考查定语从句引导词的用法。先行词为an age,表示时间"一个时代"。因为从句中不缺少主语和宾语,排除A和B;whose后不能接many,排除C;when引导定语从句时,在从句中作时间状语。
答案:D
黑色陷阱:本题有两处陷阱:一是不清楚which和that需要在定语从句中充当主语或宾语,误选A或B;不知道whose引导定语从句时,其后直接加名词,误选C。
绿色通道:解对本类题的关键是掌握定语从句引导词在从句中所作的成分。如:I like the books whose writers are well-known all over the world.在该句中,the books与writers之间存在所属关系。
例4 The famous scientist grow up _________ he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai.
A.when B.in which
C.where D.wherever
思路解析:本题考查where 引导状语从句的用法,意为"在......地方",该句意思是"这位著名的科学家在他出生的地方长大,1930年来到上海"。
答案:C
黑色陷阱:本题有三个陷阱:一是误以为本句考查时间状语从句,而忽略句子的含义,误选A;二是把状语从句当成定语从句,从而误选B;三是分不清和wherever的区别,误选D。
绿色通道:在做本题时,一定要注意状语从句和定语从句的区别。where状语从句没有先行词引导,而定语从句必须要有先行词引导。掌握这个特点,遇到相似题型时就能迎刃而解