有些不强调动作先后关系或句子本身已表明了先后关系的场合,通常用动名词的一般式:
Thank you for telling me the news. 谢谢你告诉我这消息。
He has worked hard since leaving school. 自从离开学校以来他工作一直很努力。
3. 动名词被动式的用法
当动名词的逻辑主语与动名词为被动关系时,动名词则要用被动式:
He didn't mind being left at home. 把他留在家里他并不介意。
It felt funny being called Grandmother. 被人叫作祖母感到怪怪的。
This question is far from being settled. 这个问题远没解决。
注:(1) 在表示"需要"的动词need, want, require后接动名词时,习惯上要用主动式表示被动意义(但若用不定式,则用被动式表示被动意义):
The outside of the house needs painting [to be painted] . 这房子外面需要油漆了。
The machine requires repairing [to be repaired]. 这机器需要修理了。
(2) 在be worth后接动名词时也要用主动式表示被动意义:
This might be worth thinking about. 这可能值得考虑。
The clock is hardly worth repairing. 这台钟简直不值得修理。
4. 动名词的被动式
动名词的否定式是将否定词not置于动名词之前。若动名词为完成式或被动式,否定词not应置于整个结构之前:
Don't be angry with me for not having written. 我没给你写信请别生我的气。
He said he so much regretted not being able to swim. 他说他对不会游泳感到非常遗憾。
注:若动名词带有逻辑主语,则否定词应置于逻辑主语之后:
I'm surprised at your not having noticed. 你竟未注意到我感到吃惊。
Jenny's not having been trained as a dancer is her one regret. 杰妮没受过舞蹈的专业训练是她感到遗憾的事。
四、习惯上只接动名词作宾语的动词
习惯上只接动名词作宾语的动词有:
admit 承认 advise 建议 allow 允许 appreciate 感激 avoid 避免
consider 考虑 delay 推迟 deny 否认 discuss 讨论 dislike 不喜欢
enjoy 喜爱 escape 逃脱 excuse 原谅 fancy 设想 finish 完成
forbid 禁止 forgive 原谅 give up 放弃 imagine 想像 keep 保持
mention 提及 mind 介意 miss 没赶上 pardon 原谅 permit 允许
practise 练习 prevent 阻止 prohibit 禁止 put off 推迟 report 报告
risk 冒险 stop 停止 suggest 建议
I advise waiting a few more days. 我建议再等几天。
I admit breaking the window. 我承认窗子是我打破的。
Try to imagine being on the moon. 设法想像你是在月球上。
He tried to escape being punished. 他没设法逃避惩罚。
You shouldn't keep thinking about it. 你不应老想着这事。
Would you mind going with her? 你可否同她一起去?
I can't understand neglecting children like that. 对孩子那样毫不经心,我不能理解。
We only missed seeing each other by five minutes. 我们只因差五分钟而未能见面。
注:(1) 有的动词后接动名词作宾语时通常带有逻辑主语: