则\s\up6(→(→)=\s\up6(→(→)
=(\s\up6(→(→)+\s\up6(→(→))=(c-b-a)
=-a-b+c.
\s\up6(→(→)=\s\up6(→(→)+\s\up6(→(→)=-a+\s\up6(→(→)
=-a+(\s\up6(→(→)+\s\up6(→(→))
=-a-b+c.
\s\up6(→(→)=\s\up6(→(→)+\s\up6(→(→)
=\s\up6(→(→)+\s\up6(→(→)+(\s\up6(→(→)+\s\up6(→(→))
=-a+c+(-c+b)
=-a+b+c.
\s\up6(→(→)=\s\up6(→(→)=\s\up6(→(→)=a.
如图,
在三棱柱ABCA′B′C′中,已知\s\up6(→(→)=a,\s\up6(→(→)=b,\s\up6(→(→)=c,点M,N分别是BC′,B′C′的中点,试用基底{a,b,c}表示向量\s\up6(→(→),\s\up6(→(→).
解:连接A′N(图略).
\s\up6(→(→)=\s\up6(→(→)+\s\up6(→(→)=\s\up6(→(→)+(\s\up6(→(→)+\s\up6(→(→))
=\s\up6(→(→)+\s\up6(→(→)+\s\up6(→(→)
=\s\up6(→(→)+(\s\up6(→(→)-\s\up6(→(→))+\s\up6(→(→)
=\s\up6(→(→)+\s\up6(→(→)+\s\up6(→(→)
=(a+b+c).
\s\up6(→(→)=\s\up6(→(→)+\s\up6(→(→)
=\s\up6(→(→)+(\s\up6(→(→)+\s\up6(→(→))
=\s\up6(→(→)+(\s\up6(→(→)+\s\up6(→(→))