语。

　　Having been shown around the factory, they were very happy.(现在分词的被动式)

　　被领着参观了工厂后，他们很高兴。

　　Having finished his homework, he went to bed.(现在分词的主动式)

　　完成作业后，他上床睡觉了。

　　三、动词­ing 形式的否定式：not ＋v.­ing; not having ＋ v．­ed; not having been＋v.­ed

　　Not knowing this, he didn't come.

　　他不知道这件事，所以没来。

　　Not having made full preparations, we put off the sports meeting.

　　因为没有做好充分的准备，我们把运动会延期了。

　　6

　　(四川高考改编) Not knowing (know) which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice.

　　四、动词­ing形式作状语需注意的问题

　　1．逻辑主语

　　动词­ing作状语，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语，它们之间是一种逻辑上的主动关系。

　　Hearing the bad news, she didn't know what to do.(hearing的逻辑主语是句子的主语she)

　　听到这个坏消息，她不知道如何是好。

　　2．独立主格

　　动词­ing作状语，有时它也可以有自己独立的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构，通常用来表示伴随的动作或情况，也可以表示时间、原因或条件。

　　The rain having stopped, we went on marching.

　　雨过之后，我们继续前进。

　　7

　　(江苏高考改编)The lecture having_been_given (give), a lively question­and­answer session followed.

　　3．悬垂分词

　　有些现在分词作状语，在句中没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在，用来修饰主句，表明说话者的态度、观点等，被称为评论性状语或悬垂分词。常见的有generally/strictly/frankly speaking, judging from, considering, supposing, providing等。

　　Generally speaking, girls are more interested in literature than boys.

　　一般说来，女孩子比男孩子更喜欢文学。

　　Judging from his accent, he must be from the south.

　　从他的口音判断，他一定来自南方。

　　Ⅰ.用所给动词的适当形式填空

　　1．Knowing (know) English well, he translated the article without much difficulty.

　　2．The children rushed out of the classroom, laughing (laugh) and talking merrily.

　　3．Having_lived (live) in China for many years, he can speak Chinese fluently.

4．Not knowing (know) his address, I had to search for the information on the computer.