一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done
动词ing形式在句中的语法作用:动名词在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语,现在分词在句中作状语、宾语补足语和定语。
一、动词ing形式作主语
1.动词ing形式作主语时,往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作,通常置于句首。
Reading aloud is a good way to learn a language.
大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。
Wasting a person's time is the same as killing him for his property.
浪费别人的时间无异于谋财害命。
[名师点津] (1)不定式作主语表示具体的或一次性的动作。
To lie to her is wrong.
对她撒谎不对。
(2)动名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
Climbing mountains is really difficult for the old.
对于老人来说爬山确实困难。
[即时演练1] 补全句子
①Playing_with_fire is dangerous.
玩火危险。
②Be careful!To_play_with_fire will be dangerous.
小心点!玩火会带来危险。
③Swimming_is_a_good_sport in summer.
夏天游泳是一项好的体育活动。
2.形式主语it代替动词ing形式作主语。
此类句式常见的有:
It's a waste of time doing sth.
做某事是浪费时间
It's useless/worthwhile doing sth.
做某事没用/是值得的
It's no good/use/fun doing sth.
做某事没用/没意思
It is no use waiting for other people to make decisions for you.