【学霸诀窍】2018-2019学年外研版高中英语必修三学案设计:句子剖析拓展 Module5 GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChina Word版含解析
【学霸诀窍】2018-2019学年外研版高中英语必修三学案设计:句子剖析拓展 Module5 GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChina Word版含解析第1页

  句子·剖析·拓展

Mencius was a thinker whose teachings were very similar to that of Confucius.

孟子是一个思想家,他的理论和学说跟孔子的极为相似。

  【剖析】 1)句子的主干是Mencius was a thinker。whose引导的定语从句修饰先行词thinker。

  2)本句中that替代teachings。一般说来,前面的名词是单数形式或不可数时,后面的替代词用that或the one;前面的名词是复数形式时,后面的替代词用those或the ones。但本句中的teachings 虽然是复数形式,其含义是"学说,教义",是抽象概念,所以用that替代。

  【拓展】 短语be similar to 意思为"和......相似",与之形近的短语有:be familiar to"为......所熟悉"和be familiar with"熟悉;通晓;精通"。

However,when he saw that the ruler was not following his advice,he resigned.

然而,当他看到统治者不采取他的建议时,他辞职了。

  【剖析】 1)主句为he resigned,when引导的从句作时间状语。在此从句中,that引导的从句作宾语从句。连接副词however表转折,表示本句与上句的逻辑关系。

  2)follow one's advice = take one's advice意思为"接受某人的意见"。

  【拓展】 advice的其他短语有:by one's advice=on one's advice (依某人劝告),ask sb. for advice (向......征求意见,请教),give sb. advice劝告,忠告

Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good.

孟子认为人不同于动物的原因在于人是善良的。

  【剖析】 1)第一个that从句作believed的宾语,在这个从句中,why引导定语从句修饰the reason。第二个that从句为表语从句。

2)注意句子结构The reason why ... is that ... .用来陈述理由,意思是"......的理由/原因是......"。

He believed that people were more important than rulers,and hated the state when it treated people badly.

他认为"民贵君轻",憎恶那些实行暴政的政权。

  【剖析】 1)本句中,and连接believed和hated两个动词。believed的宾语是that引导的从句;hated的宾语是the state。when引导的从句为时间状语从句。

  2)treat意思是"对待,把......看作"。

  【拓展】 常用短语有:treat sb. badly(对某人不好),treat sb. seriously(认真接待某人),treat...as(把......看作)。treat还有"款待,招待"的意思,既可作动词也可作名词,短语有:treat sb. to...(用......款待某人),This is my treat.(这次我请客)。

Born in 476 BC,he came from a family which was very poor. 

公元前476年,他出生于一个非常贫困的家庭。

  【剖析】 1)从句which was very poor作family的定语。

  2)分词短语born in 476 BC在句中作状语。

  【拓展】 及物动词的过去分词在句子中通常可作时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随、结果等状语,强调被动与完成。作时间、原因、条件状语时,通常位于句首;作方式、伴随、结果等状语时,通常位于句末。