Step 1 Introduction
常用动词或动词短语辨析
1. adapt与adjust
(1)adapt"适合,适应",指修改或改变以适应新条件。
(2)adjust指"调整,调节",使之适应。
e.g.:
He ________himself to the cold weather.
You can't see through the telescope until it is adjusted to your eyes.
2. afford,provide,supply,offer
(1)afford指为以后的日子提供所需要的东西,表示"向某人提供某物"时,用afford sb.sth.;afford与can,be able to,could连用,表示"担负得起,买得起某物,抽得出时间"。
(2)provide指为某人、某物供应某物品,尤其指生活用品,表示"向某人提供某物"用provide sth.for sb./provide sb.with sth.。
(3)supply指供应或提供需要的东西,表示"向某人提供某物"用supply sth.to sb./supply sb.with sth.。
(4)offer表示主动提供援助、服务的东西。
e.g.:
I want to buy a cellphone,but I can't __________it now.
They provided the refugees _______ food and medicine.
More and more vegetables and fruits are ____ to the army.
3. contain与include
(1)contain意为:含有,包含,容纳,里面装有,指某事物容纳在比其更大的东西之内,侧重所含的内容与成分。
(2)include意为:包括,连......在内,计入,指包括或容纳某东西成为整体的一部分,侧重于对比整体与部分。
e.g.:
The basket contains a variety of fruits.
There are ten of us here,_________ four children.
4. cost,spend,take和pay
这四个动词都有"花费"之意。
(1)cost当"花费"讲时,主语是物。常用句型:sth. cost sb. some money/time。
e.g.: The coat _____her about $200.
注意:cost还可表示"使付出代价",常用结构有cost sb. sth.。
e.g.: Driving after drunk cost him his life.
(2)spend指"花费"时间和金钱,主语是人。常用句型:sb. spend...on sth./(in) doing sth.。
e.g.: You shouldn't spend too much money on clothes.
(3)take当"花费"讲时,主语通常是物或形式主语it。常用句型:It takes sb. time/money to do sth.。
e.g.: It _____ her two hours to finish the composition.
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