2018-2019学年译林版高中英语选修七教案(江苏省专用):Unit 4 Grammar and usage(1)
2018-2019学年译林版高中英语选修七教案(江苏省专用):Unit 4 Grammar and usage(1)第2页

 Step 1 Introduction

常用动词或动词短语辨析

1. adapt与adjust

(1)adapt"适合,适应",指修改或改变以适应新条件。

(2)adjust指"调整,调节",使之适应。

e.g.:

He ________himself to the cold weather.

You can't see through the telescope until it is adjusted to your eyes.

2. afford,provide,supply,offer

(1)afford指为以后的日子提供所需要的东西,表示"向某人提供某物"时,用afford sb.sth.;afford与can,be able to,could连用,表示"担负得起,买得起某物,抽得出时间"。

(2)provide指为某人、某物供应某物品,尤其指生活用品,表示"向某人提供某物"用provide sth.for sb./provide sb.with sth.。

(3)supply指供应或提供需要的东西,表示"向某人提供某物"用supply sth.to sb./supply sb.with sth.。

(4)offer表示主动提供援助、服务的东西。

e.g.:

I want to buy a cellphone,but I can't __________it now.

They provided the refugees _______ food and medicine.

More and more vegetables and fruits are ____ to the army.

3. contain与include

(1)contain意为:含有,包含,容纳,里面装有,指某事物容纳在比其更大的东西之内,侧重所含的内容与成分。

(2)include意为:包括,连......在内,计入,指包括或容纳某东西成为整体的一部分,侧重于对比整体与部分。

e.g.:

The basket contains a variety of fruits.

There are ten of us here,_________ four children.

4. cost,spend,take和pay

这四个动词都有"花费"之意。

(1)cost当"花费"讲时,主语是物。常用句型:sth. cost sb. some money/time。

e.g.: The coat _____her about $200.

注意:cost还可表示"使付出代价",常用结构有cost sb. sth.。

e.g.: Driving after drunk cost him his life.

(2)spend指"花费"时间和金钱,主语是人。常用句型:sb. spend...on sth./(in) doing sth.。

e.g.: You shouldn't spend too much money on clothes.

(3)take当"花费"讲时,主语通常是物或形式主语it。常用句型:It takes sb. time/money to do sth.。

e.g.: It _____ her two hours to finish the composition.