他在启程前往法国之前，对这个国家做了很多研究。

　　③The building had previously (previous) been used as a hotel.

　　这座楼房早先曾用作旅馆。

　　4．(教材P18)At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.

　　开始的时候，新的环境让我难以忍受。

　　surroundings n．周围的事物；环境

　　(1)surrounding adj.　　　　　　 附近的；周围的

　　(2)surround vt. 环绕；围住；包围

　　be surrounded by/with ... 由......围着/包围

　　①Happiness comes from within your heart, not from your surroundings.

　　幸福来自于你的内心世界，而不是你周围的事物。

　　②Police are still searching the town and surrounding (surround) areas for the child.

　　警方仍在小镇及周边地区搜寻那个小孩。

　　③When Aunt Ruth was at home, I was_surrounded (surround) by love.

　　露丝姑姑在家时，对我爱护有加。

　　tolerate vt.容忍；忍受

　　tolerate doing sth.　　　　 容忍做某事

　　①I can tolerate the house being untidy, but I hate it if it's not clean.

　　我可以容忍房间里不整齐，但是我讨厌房间里脏乱不堪。

　　②Our teacher cannot tolerate cheating (cheat) on exams.

　　我们的老师不能容忍考试作弊。

　　[名师点津]　表示"容忍；忍受"的动词(短语)还有：bear, stand和put up with等。

　　5．(教材P18)Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.

　　由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到头痛。

　　lack vi.&vt.缺乏；没有 n．缺乏；短缺的东西

　　(1)(a) lack of ...　　　　　 缺少......

　　for lack of ... 由于缺乏......

　　(2)lacking adj. 缺乏；缺少

　　be lacking in sth. 缺少某物

①Jim's real problem is that he lacks confidence.