【助记】Once upon a time，a king who was polite to surrounding countries lived in a castle surrounded by a large forest and having wonderful surroundings.从前，在一个绿树环绕、环境优美的城堡里住着一位国王，他对邻邦十分友好。

易混辨析：surroundings/environment

surroundings 主要指自然环境，偏重于生活、居住的周围环境 environment 指大的自然环境，范围要比surroundings大；也可指精神环境、人文环境。environment强调环境对人的感受、道德以及观念的影响 It took me a few weeks to get used to my new ______ .

Parents should provide a harmonious home for their children.

小试牛刀：用surround的适当形式填空

①My home is by trees.

②Who is the old man by a group of children?

③The visitors enjoyed the beautiful scenery.

④I guess the were more familiar to me.

4． It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall，some measuring over 90 metres.(P34)

那儿湿度很大，所以树都长得特别高，一些高达90多米。

(1)measure vi.& vt.测量；判定；有...长(宽等) n．计量制；尺寸；计量单位；措施

归纳拓展：take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事 take one's measure量某人的尺寸

to one's measure按照某人的尺寸

小试牛刀：

①The government________________ (已经采取措施) to stop drunk driving.

(2)some measuring over 90 metres属于"代词＋现在分词"构成的独立主格结构。分词作状语时，其逻辑主语通常是句中的主语；但有时分词(短语)有自己的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构，独立主格结构在句中作状语。

自我探究

　独立主格结构形式：

　①名词/代词＋现在分词(表示主动和正在进行)/ 过去分词(表示被动和已完成)

/不定式(表示将要发生的动作)/名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语(常用来说明名词或